Home Automation using ESP32 & Firebase Realtime Database

App + Web + Manual Switch Sync (Complete Guide)

5

🚀 Introduction

Aaj ke smart world me Home Automation ek luxury nahi, balki necessity banti ja rahi hai.
Is project me hum ESP32 + Firebase Realtime Database ka use karke ek complete smart home system banate hain jisme:

✅ Mobile App se control
✅ Web Dashboard se control
✅ Physical Manual Switch se control
✅ Sab kuch real-time sync me

Matlab chahe aap light mobile se ON karo, switch se OFF, ya website se control — har jagah same state reflect hogi 🔥

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🧠 System Overview (Kaise kaam karta hai?)

Is system ka core concept hai single source of truth — Firebase Realtime Database.

Flow:

Mobile App / Web / Manual Switch
            ↓
Firebase Realtime Database
            ↓
         ESP32
            ↓
          Relays

ESP32 hamesha Firebase ko listen karta rehta hai, aur jaise hi koi value change hoti hai, relay turant ON/OFF ho jata hai.

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🔩 Hardware Components Required

4

Component	Description
ESP32 Dev Board	Main controller
Relay Module (4/8 Channel)	AC appliances control
Manual Switches	Physical ON/OFF
Bulb / Fan / Socket	Load
Power Supply	5V / 12V
Connecting Wires	Jumper wires

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💻 Software & Tools Used

Software	Purpose
Arduino IDE	ESP32 programming
Firebase Realtime DB	Cloud sync
Android App / Kodular	Mobile control
Web Dashboard (PHP/JS)	Browser control

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☁️ Firebase Realtime Database Structure

{
  "devices": {
    "device01": {
      "relay1": 0,
      "relay2": 1,
      "relay3": 0,
      "relay4": 1
    }
  }
}

👉 0 = OFF
👉 1 = ON

Yahi data App, Web aur ESP32 sab use karte hain.

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🔌 Relay Pin Configuration (ESP32)

#define RELAY1 23
#define RELAY2 22
#define RELAY3 21
#define RELAY4 19

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⚙️ ESP32 Complete Code (Firebase + Relay + Manual Switch Sync)

#include <WiFi.h>
#include <FirebaseESP32.h>

#define WIFI_SSID "YOUR_WIFI"
#define WIFI_PASS "YOUR_PASSWORD"

#define FIREBASE_HOST "your-project.firebaseio.com"
#define FIREBASE_AUTH "DATABASE_SECRET"

FirebaseData fbdo;

int relays[] = {23,22,21,19};
int switches[] = {32,33,25,26};

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);

  WiFi.begin(WIFI_SSID, WIFI_PASS);
  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) delay(500);

  Firebase.begin(FIREBASE_HOST, FIREBASE_AUTH);
  Firebase.reconnectWiFi(true);

  for(int i=0;i<4;i++){
    pinMode(relays[i], OUTPUT);
    pinMode(switches[i], INPUT_PULLUP);
  }
}

void loop() {

  for(int i=0;i<4;i++){
    if(Firebase.getInt(fbdo,"/devices/device01/relay"+String(i+1))){
      digitalWrite(relays[i], fbdo.intData());
    }

    if(digitalRead(switches[i])==LOW){
      Firebase.setInt(fbdo,"/devices/device01/relay"+String(i+1), !digitalRead(relays[i]));
      delay(300);
    }
  }
}

🔥 Is code ka fayda:

• App se ON → relay ON
• Switch se OFF → Firebase update
• Web pe live status update

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📱 Mobile App Control (Kodular / Android)

Mobile app Firebase ke same path ko read/write karti hai.

Features:

• Toggle buttons
• Real-time update
• Multiple devices support
• Login based control

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🌐 Web Dashboard Control

Web dashboard JavaScript + Firebase SDK use karta hai.

Web Features:

• Browser se control
• Live ON/OFF state
• Admin panel ready
• Multi-user support

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🔁 Manual Switch Sync (Most Important Feature 🔥)

Normal home automation me issue hota hai:

Switch se OFF kiya → App me still ON dikhata hai ❌

Is project me:
✅ Switch press → Firebase update
✅ Firebase update → App & Web sync
✅ No mismatch ever

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🔐 Security Best Practices

• Firebase rules enable karein
• User-wise device access
• Read/Write authentication

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🚀 Future Enhancements

• ⏱ Timer & Scheduler
• 🎙 Voice control (Alexa / Google)
• 📊 Energy monitoring
• 🌍 Control from anywhere

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🎯 Final Conclusion

Ye ESP32 + Firebase Home Automation System ek complete production-ready solution hai jo:

✔ Real-time
✔ Scalable
✔ Secure
✔ Beginner-friendly
✔ Professional-grade

Agar aap Smart Home, IoT, ya Startup-level product banana chahte ho — ye system best base hai 💪🔥

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